Editing IPCC:AR6/SR15/Chapter-4 (section)

== 4.3.4.1 Energy efficiency ==

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Isolated efficiency implementation in energy-intensive industries is a necessary but insufficient condition for deep emission reductions (Napp et al., 2014; Aden, 2018) <sup>[[#fn:r422|422]]</sup> . Various options specific to different industries are available. In general, their feasibility depends on lowering capital costs and raising awareness and expertise (Wesseling et al., 2017) <sup>[[#fn:r423|423]]</sup> . General-purpose technologies, such as ICT, and energy management tools can improve the prospects of energy efficiency in industry (see Section 4.4.4).

Cross-sector technologies and practices, which play a role in all industrial sectors including small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and non-energy intensive industry, also offer potential for considerable energy efficiency improvements. They include: (i) motor systems (for example electric motors, variable speed drives, pumps, compressors and fans), responsible for about 10% of worldwide industrial energy consumption, with a global energy efficiency improvement potential of around 20–25% (Napp et al., 2014) <sup>[[#fn:r424|424]]</sup> ; and (ii) steam systems, responsible for about 30% of industrial energy consumption and energy saving potentials of about 10% (Hasanbeigi et al., 2014; Napp et al., 2014) <sup>[[#fn:r425|425]]</sup> . Waste heat recovery from industry has substantial potential for energy efficiency and emission reduction (Forman et al., 2016) <sup>[[#fn:r426|426]]</sup> . Low awareness and competition from other investments limit the feasibility of such options (Napp et al., 2014) <sup>[[#fn:r427|427]]</sup> .

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