Editing IPCC:AR6/SR15/Chapter-4 (section)

==== Examples of mitigation behaviour and their GHG emission reduction potential. ====

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Mitigation potential assessments are printed in different units. Based on [1] Carlsson-Kanyama and González (2009) <sup>[[#fn:r1022|1022]]</sup> ; [2] Tuomisto and Teixeira de Mattos (2011) <sup>[[#fn:r1023|1023]]</sup> ; [3] Springmann et al. (2016) <sup>[[#fn:r1024|1024]]</sup> ; [4] Nijland and Meerkerk (2017) <sup>[[#fn:r1025|1025]]</sup> ; [5] Woodcock et al. (2009) <sup>[[#fn:r1026|1026]]</sup> ; [6] Salon et al. (2012) <sup>[[#fn:r1027|1027]]</sup> ; [7] Dietz et al. (2009) <sup>[[#fn:r1028|1028]]</sup> ; [8] Mulville et al. (2017) <sup>[[#fn:r1029|1029]]</sup> ; [9] Huebner and Shipworth (2017) <sup>[[#fn:r1030|1030]]</sup> ; [10] Jaboyedoff et al. (2004) <sup>[[#fn:r1031|1031]]</sup> ; [11] Pellegrino et al. (2016) <sup>[[#fn:r1032|1032]]</sup> ; [12] Nägele et al. (2017) <sup>[[#fn:r1033|1033]]</sup> .

Original Creation for this Report. Based on [1] Carlsson-Kanyama and González (2009); [2] Tuomisto and Teixeira de Mattos (2011); [3] Springmann et al. (2016); [4] Nijland and Meerkerk (2017); [5] Woodcock et al. (2009); [6] Salon et al. (2012); [7] Dietz et al. (2009); [8] Mulville et al. (2017); [9] Huebner and Shipworth (2017); [10] Jaboyedoff et al. (2004); [11] Pellegrino et al. (2016); [12] Nägele et al. (2017)

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Various policy approaches and strategies can encourage and enable climate actions by individuals and organizations. Policy approaches would be more effective when they address key contextual and psycho-social factors influencing climate actions, which differ across contexts and individuals (Steg and Vlek, 2009; Stern, 2011) <sup>[[#fn:r1034|1034]]</sup> . This suggests that diverse policy approaches would be needed in 1.5ºC-consistent pathways in different contexts and regions. Combinations of policies that target multiple barriers and enabling factors simultaneously can be more effective (Nissinen et al., 2015) <sup>[[#fn:r1035|1035]]</sup> .

In the United States and Europe, GHG emissions are lower when legislators have strong environmental records (Jensen and Spoon, 2011; Dietz et al., 2015) <sup>[[#fn:r1036|1036]]</sup> . Political elites affect public concern about climate change: pro-climate action statements increased concern, while anti-climate action statements and anti-environment voting reduced public concern about climate change (Brulle et al., 2012) <sup>[[#fn:r1037|1037]]</sup> . In the European Union (EU), individuals worry more about climate change and engage more in climate actions in countries where political party elites are united rather than divided in their support for environmental issues (Sohlberg, 2017) <sup>[[#fn:r1038|1038]]</sup> .

This section discusses how to enable and encourage behaviour and lifestyle changes that strengthen implementation of 1.5ºC-consistent pathways by assessing psycho-social factors related to climate action, as well as the effects and acceptability of policy approaches targeting climate actions that are consistent with 1.5ºC. Box 4.5 and Box 4.6 illustrate how these have worked in practice.

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